Research institutions collect millions of papers, citations, and metadata annually. Publishers like Elsevier and Springer implement aggressive rate limiting that blocks datacenter IPs within minutes. Mobile proxies provide institutional-grade access without triggering anti-scraping systems.
Scholarly publishing is a $30B industry dominated by five publishers controlling 50%+ of all papers. Each has sophisticated anti-scraping technology.
Elsevier, Springer Nature, Wiley, Taylor & Francis, and SAGE control most scholarly output. Each uses Cloudflare or custom WAF protection.
Publishers charge $30-50 per article or $10K+ for institutional access. They aggressively block bulk downloading that bypasses revenue.
Plan S and funder mandates are driving open access. PubMed Central, arXiv, and bioRxiv are scraping-friendly but still rate limit aggressive collection.
84M+ records. Elsevier-owned, aggressive bot detection.
Clarivate's flagship. 1.9B cited references.
AI2's open database. 200M+ papers with AI-extracted entities.
Largest index. Extremely aggressive CAPTCHA on datacenter IPs.
36M+ biomedical abstracts. Open but rate-limited to 3 req/sec.
2M+ preprints. Bulk access via S3, but web scraping common.
12M+ journal articles. IP-based institutional auth.
5M+ engineering papers. Session-based access control.
Meta-analyses require collecting thousands of papers across multiple databases. Manual collection takes months; automated collection takes hours.
Research evaluation requires analyzing citation networks, author productivity, and publication trends across millions of records.
Universities and R&D departments track competitor research, emerging topics, and potential collaborators across the global research landscape.
Machine learning models for scientific NLP require massive datasets of papers, abstracts, and structured metadata.
Academic databases have varying rate limits. Respect them to avoid IP bans and maintain long-term access.
Use sticky sessions for login-based access, rotating IPs for metadata collection.
Always check Terms of Service. Many databases offer bulk data access programs (e.g., PubMed FTP, Semantic Scholar API) that are preferable to scraping. Use scraping only for data not available through official channels, and for legitimate research purposes.
10 slots + 100GB handles systematic reviews of 50,000+ papers
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